Kumvetsetsa Zofunika za Switch Operation

M'dziko lamanetiweki, masiwichi amakhala ngati msana, amayendetsa bwino mapaketi a data kupita komwe akufuna.Kumvetsetsa zoyambira za kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito ndikofunikira kuti mumvetsetse zovuta zamamangidwe amakono a maukonde.

M'malo mwake, chosinthira chimakhala ngati chida cholumikizira ma multiport chomwe chimagwira ntchito pamtundu wa data wa OSI.Mosiyana ndi ma hubs, omwe amawulutsa deta mosasamala pazida zonse zolumikizidwa, masiwichi amatha kutumizira mwachangu deta ku chipangizocho komwe akupita, kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a netiweki ndi chitetezo.

Kugwira ntchito kwa switch kumadalira zigawo zingapo zazikulu ndi njira:

Maphunziro a adilesi ya MAC:
Kusinthaku kumakhala ndi tebulo la adilesi ya MAC yomwe imagwirizanitsa ma adilesi a MAC ndi madoko omwe amawaphunzira.Chojambula cha data chikafika pa doko losinthira, chosinthiracho chimayang'ana gwero la adilesi ya MAC ndikusintha tebulo lake moyenerera.Njirayi imathandizira wosinthayo kupanga zisankho zodziwika bwino za komwe angatumize mafelemu otsatirawa.
Patsogolo:
Chosinthira chikazindikira adilesi ya MAC ya chipangizo cholumikizidwa ndi doko lake, imatha kutumiza mafelemu bwino.Chimango chikafika, chosinthiracho chimayang'ana pa tebulo la adilesi ya MAC kuti mudziwe doko loyenera la adilesi ya MAC komwe mukupita.Chojambulacho chimangotumizidwa ku doko limenelo, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto osafunikira pa intaneti.
Kuwulutsa ndi kusefukira kwa unicast kosadziwika:
Ngati chosinthira chimalandira chimango chokhala ndi adilesi ya MAC yopita yomwe sipezeka pa tebulo la adilesi ya MAC, kapena ngati chimango chikuyenera kukhala adilesi yowulutsa, kusinthaku kumagwiritsa ntchito kusefukira.Imatumiza mafelemu kumadoko onse kupatula padoko pomwe chimango chimalandilidwa, kuwonetsetsa kuti chimango chafika komwe chikufuna.
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP):
Ma switch amatenga gawo lofunikira pakuwongolera njira ya ARP pamanetiweki.Chida chikafunika kudziwa adilesi ya MAC yofanana ndi adilesi ya IP, chimawulutsa pempho la ARP.Kusinthaku kumatumiza pempho kumadoko onse kupatula doko lomwe pempholo lidalandiridwa, kulola chipangizo chokhala ndi adilesi ya IP yofunsidwa kuyankha mwachindunji.
VLANs ndi mitengo ikuluikulu:
Ma Virtual LAN (VLANs) amalola masinthidwe kugawa maukonde m'magawo osiyanasiyana owulutsa, kukonza magwiridwe antchito ndi chitetezo.Trunking imathandizira kusinthaku kunyamula magalimoto kuchokera ku ma VLAN angapo pa ulalo umodzi wakuthupi, ndikuwonjezera kusinthasintha pamapangidwe a netiweki ndi kasinthidwe.
Mwachidule, masinthidwe amapanga mwala wapangodya wazinthu zamakono zamakono, zomwe zimathandizira kulumikizana koyenera komanso kotetezeka pakati pa zida.Poyang'ana zovuta za kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito, oyang'anira ma netiweki amatha kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito, kupititsa patsogolo chitetezo, ndikuwonetsetsa kuyenda kosasunthika kwa data pamanetiweki.

Toda imagwira ntchito popanga masiwichi ndikusintha ma network amakampani.