Ndikukula kosalekeza kwa mafakitale opanga makina komanso kupanga mwanzeru, gawo la ma switch network a mafakitale likukhala lofunikira kwambiri. Zidazi ndizofunika kwambiri polumikiza zida ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana a mafakitale ndipo ziyenera kutsata miyezo yolimba yamakampani kuti zitsimikizire kudalirika, chitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito m'malo ovuta. Kumvetsetsa miyezo iyi ndikofunikira kwa opanga, ophatikiza ndi ogwiritsa ntchito kumapeto.
Miyezo Yaikulu Yamakampani pa Kusintha Kwa Network Network
IEEE 802.3 Ethernet muyezo:
Muyezo wa IEEE 802.3 ndiye msana wa ukadaulo wa Efaneti ndipo umatanthawuza njira yolumikizira mawaya pama network amderali (LANs). Ma switch network network akuyenera kutsatira mulingo uwu kuti awonetsetse kuti akugwirizana ndi zida zina za Ethernet ndi maukonde. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuthandizira kuthamanga kuchokera ku 10 Mbps kufika ku 100 Gbps ndi kupitirira.
IEC 61850 yogwiritsa ntchito makina ocheperako:
IEC 61850 ndiye mulingo wapadziko lonse lapansi wama network ndi makina olumikizirana. Kusintha kwa ma network a mafakitale omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi ndi zofunikira ayenera kutsatira mulingo uwu kuti athe kulumikizana zenizeni, kugwirizirana komanso kuphatikizana m'malo ocheperako. Imawonetsetsa kuti ma switch atha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zothamanga kwambiri, zotsika pang'ono zomwe zimafunikira pakupanga makina a substation.
IEC 62443 Cybersecurity:
Ndi kukwera kwa zida zolumikizidwa ndi Industrial Internet of Zinthu (IIoT), cybersecurity yakhala yofunika kwambiri. Muyezo wa IEC 62443 umayang'anira nkhani zachitetezo cha cybersecurity pamakina opanga makina ndi machitidwe owongolera. Kusintha kwa maukonde a mafakitale kuyenera kukhala ndi zida zachitetezo champhamvu monga kutsimikizira, kubisa, ndi njira zolowera kuti muteteze ku ziwopsezo za cyber.
Kuyesa kwachilengedwe kwa IEC 60068:
Ma switch network network nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito pansi pazovuta kwambiri monga kutentha, chinyezi, ndi kugwedezeka. Muyezo wa IEC 60068 umafotokoza njira zoyezera zachilengedwe kuti zitsimikizire kuti zidazi zitha kupirira madera ovuta a mafakitale. Kutsatira muyezo uwu kumatsimikizira kuti chosinthiracho chimakhala chokhazikika komanso chodalirika pansi pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yogwirira ntchito.
Ntchito za Railway EN 50155:
Muyezo wa EN 50155 umayankhulira makamaka zida zamagetsi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga njanji. Ma switch network network omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu masitima apamtunda ndi masitima apamtunda amayenera kukwaniritsa mulingo uwu kuti awonetsetse kuti akugwira ntchito modalirika pamikhalidwe yovuta ya njanji. Izi zikuphatikizapo kukana kugwedezeka, kugwedezeka, kusinthasintha kwa kutentha ndi kusokonezeka kwa electromagnetic.
Miyezo ya PoE (Power over Ethernet):
Ma switch ambiri opangira mafakitale amathandizira Power over Ethernet (PoE), kuwalola kutumiza deta ndi mphamvu pa chingwe chimodzi. Kutsatira muyezo wa IEEE 802.3af/at/bt PoE kumawonetsetsa kuti chosinthiracho chimatha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino komanso moyenera zida zolumikizidwa ndi magetsi monga makamera a IP, masensa, ndi malo opanda zingwe popanda kufunikira kwamagetsi osiyana.
Kufunika kotsatira miyezo yamakampani
Kutsata miyezo yamakampani ndikofunikira pakusintha kwa ma network a mafakitale pazifukwa zingapo:
Kudalirika: Kutsatira miyezo kumatsimikizira kuti masiwichi amagwira ntchito modalirika pansi pazambiri zamafakitale, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kulephera kwa maukonde.
Kugwirizana: Miyezo imatsimikizira kuti masiwichi amatha kuphatikizana mosagwirizana ndi zida zina ndi machitidwe kuti azigwira bwino ntchito.
Chitetezo: Kutsata miyezo monga IEC 62443 kumathandizira kuteteza maukonde a mafakitale ku ziwopsezo za cyber, kuwonetsetsa kuti deta ndi magwiridwe antchito ndi otetezeka.
Moyo wautali wautumiki: Miyezo monga IEC 60068 imawonetsetsa kuti ma switch amatha kupirira madera ovuta, kukulitsa moyo wawo wautumiki ndikuchepetsa mtengo wokonza.
Kuyang'ana M'tsogolo: Tsogolo la Industrial Networking Standards
Pamene makampaniwa akupitirizabe kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje apamwamba kwambiri, monga 5G, luntha lochita kupanga ndi makompyuta am'mphepete, miyezo ya makina osinthira mafakitale idzapitirizabe kusintha. Miyezo yamtsogolo ikuyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri pachitetezo cha cybersecurity, kuthamanga kwambiri kwa data komanso kuwongolera mphamvu zamagetsi kuti zikwaniritse zosowa zamakampani am'badwo wotsatira.
Kwa makampani omwe akuyembekeza kukhalabe opikisana nawo m'mafakitale, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa miyezo iyi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zida zawo zikutsatira. Potsatira miyezo yamakampani awa, opanga amatha kuwonetsetsa kuti ma switch awo a network network amakumana ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, chitetezo ndi kudalirika, kuyendetsa tsogolo la kulumikizana kwa mafakitale.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-17-2024
