Kuwona Kusiyanitsa Pakati pa ONU, ONT, SFU, ndi HGU.

Zikafika pazida zam'mbali za ogwiritsa ntchito mumtundu wa fiberband, nthawi zambiri timawona mawu achingerezi monga ONU, ONT, SFU, ndi HGU. Kodi mawuwa amatanthauza chiyani? Kodi pali kusiyana kotani?

1. ONU ndi ONTs

Mitundu yayikulu yogwiritsira ntchito ya Broadband Optical fiber access ikuphatikizapo: FTTH, FTTO, ndi FTTB, ndipo mitundu ya zida zamtundu wa ogwiritsa ntchito ndizosiyana pansi pamitundu yogwiritsira ntchito. The wosuta-mbali zida za FTTH ndi FTTO ntchito ndi wosuta mmodzi, wotchedwa ONT (Optical network terminal, kuwala maukonde otsiriza), ndi wosuta-mbali zida za FTTB amagawidwa ndi ogwiritsa angapo, otchedwa ONU (Optical Network Unit, kuwala. network unit).

Wogwiritsa ntchito amene watchulidwa apa akunena za wogwiritsa ntchito yemwe amalipidwa paokha ndi wogwiritsa ntchito, osati kuchuluka kwa ma terminals omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ONT ya FTTH nthawi zambiri imagawidwa ndi ma terminals angapo kunyumba, koma wogwiritsa ntchito m'modzi yekha ndi amene angawerengedwe.

2. Mitundu ya ONTs

ONTndi zomwe timakonda kuzitcha modemu ya kuwala, yomwe imagawidwa mu SFU (Single Family Unit, single family user unit), HGU (Home Gateway Unit, home gateway unit) ndi SBU (Single Business Unit, single business user unit).

2.1. SFU

SFU nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi 1 mpaka 4 Ethernet yolumikizira, 1 mpaka 2 yolumikizira mafoni, ndipo mitundu ina imakhalanso ndi ma TV. SFU ilibe ntchito yolowera pakhomo, ndipo malo okhawo omwe amalumikizidwa ndi doko la Ethernet amatha kuyimba kuti apeze intaneti, ndipo ntchito yoyang'anira kutali ndi yofooka. Modem ya kuwala yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito koyambirira kwa FTTH ndi ya SFU, yomwe siigwiritsidwe ntchito pano.

2.2. Ma HGU

Ma modemu a kuwala omwe ali ndi ogwiritsa ntchito a FTTH omwe atsegulidwa m'zaka zaposachedwa ndi HGU. Poyerekeza ndi SFU, HGU ili ndi zotsatirazi:

(1) HGU ndi chipangizo cholowera pakhomo, chomwe ndi chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti; pomwe SFU ndi chipangizo chopatsirana chowonekera, chomwe chilibe mphamvu zolowera pachipata, ndipo nthawi zambiri chimafunika kugwirizanitsa zida zapakhomo monga ma rauta akunyumba pamaneti apanyumba.

(2) HGU imathandizira njira yolowera ndipo ili ndi ntchito ya NAT, yomwe ndi chipangizo chosanjikiza-3; pomwe mtundu wa SFU umangogwirizira mawonekedwe a bridging-2, omwe ndi ofanana ndi switch-2 switch.

(3) HGU ikhoza kukhazikitsa pulogalamu yakeyake yoyimba foni, ndipo makompyuta olumikizidwa ndi ma terminals amatha kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti popanda kuyimba; pomwe SFU iyenera kuyimbidwa ndi kompyuta kapena foni yam'manja kapena rauta yakunyumba.

(4) HGU ndiyosavuta pakugwira ntchito kwakukulu ndikuwongolera.

HGU nthawi zambiri imabwera ndi WiFi ndipo imakhala ndi doko la USB.

2.3. SBUs

SBU imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pakugwiritsa ntchito kwa FTTO, ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mawonekedwe a Efaneti, ndipo mitundu ina imakhala ndi mawonekedwe a E1, mawonekedwe apamtunda, kapena ntchito ya wifi. Poyerekeza ndi SFU ndi HGU, SBU ili ndi chitetezo chabwino chamagetsi komanso kukhazikika kwapamwamba, ndipo imagwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi zakunja monga kuyang'anira mavidiyo.

3. Mtundu wa ONU

ONU imagawidwa kukhala MDU (Multi-Dwelling Unit, Multi-resident unit) ndi MTU (Multi-Tenant Unit, Multi-Tenant Unit).

MDU imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pofikira anthu okhalamo angapo pansi pa mtundu wa pulogalamu ya FTTB, ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mawonekedwe osachepera anayi, nthawi zambiri okhala ndi 8, 16, 24 FE kapena FE +POTS (mafoni okhazikika).

MTU imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pofikira ogwiritsa ntchito mabizinesi angapo kapena ma terminal angapo mubizinesi yomweyi muzochitika za FTTB. Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe a Efaneti ndi mawonekedwe amafoni okhazikika, amathanso kukhala ndi mawonekedwe a E1; mawonekedwe ndi ntchito za MTU nthawi zambiri sizifanana ndi za MDU. Kusiyanitsa, koma ntchito yachitetezo chamagetsi ndi yabwino komanso kukhazikika kumakhala kokwera. Ndi kutchuka kwa FTTO, mawonekedwe a ntchito a MTU akucheperachepera.

4. Mwachidule

Broadband optical fiber access imagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa PON. Pamene mawonekedwe enieni a zida zamtundu wa ogwiritsa ntchito sakusiyanitsidwa, zida zamtundu wa PON zitha kutchedwa kuti ONU.

ONU, ONT, SFU, HGU…zipangizozi zonse zimafotokoza zida zam'mbali zogwiritsa ntchito ma burodibandi kuchokera kumakona osiyanasiyana, ndipo ubale pakati pawo ukuwonetsedwa pachithunzi pansipa.